FACTORS INFLUENCING LOCAL FARMERS' INVOLVEMENT IN THE CULTIVATION OF SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM (CLOVE) IN BALIBAR VILLAGE, CRISTO REI POST ADMINISTRATIVE, DILI MUNICIPALITY, TIMOR-LESTE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3007/8wky7h32Keywords:
Clove, Syzygium aromaticum, Farmer Involvement, Agricultural Productivity, Community Participation, Land Area, Education, Timor-LesteAbstract
Clove cultivation (Syzygium aromaticum) is an essential agricultural activity in Timor-Leste, particularly in Balibar Village, Dili District, where it holds significant economic value due to its diverse applications in culinary, medicinal, and cosmetic industries; however, despite favorable agro-climatic conditions, clove farming faces several challenges, such as fluctuating market prices, the impacts of climate change, and the need for more sustainable farming practices, prompting this research to examine the factors influencing local farmers' involvement in clove cultivation and their effect on the sector's sustainability and productivity. The primary objective of the study is to investigate how land area, labor availability, education level, and participation in decision-making processes impact the sustainability and productivity of clove farming in Balibar Village, providing insights into how these factors interact to shape the farming practices and livelihoods of local farmers. The study employed a quantitative research design, incorporating structured surveys, field observations, and semi-structured interviews to collect both qualitative and quantitative data, with a sample of 95 clove farmers from Balibar Village selected using the Slovin formula to ensure representativeness. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, descriptive statistics, and ANOVA, which allowed for an in-depth examination of the relationships between key factors such as land area, education, labor, and farming productivity. The results revealed that 91.6% of farmers cultivated less than 1 hectare of land, which constrained their production capacity, while larger landholdings were associated with higher yields; additionally, 53.7% of farmers worked full-time in clove farming, and 73.7% had attended agricultural training, yet labor costs remained low, with most workers earning less than $5 per day; furthermore, 80% of farmers processed their clove harvest independently, and 87.4% sold their produce directly to the market, with farmer participation in decision-making significantly higher among those with higher education.
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